Family Road Travel

Mareo

Mareos en nenos: que funciona

Os antihistamínicos teñen unha revisión de Cochrane detrás deles. A maioría do que se vende xunto a eles na estante non o ten.

Actualizada 2 min de lectura 40 citas Forza da evidencia 4/5

Veículos asegurados na cuberta de coches pechada dun ferry báltico
Clemens v. Vogelsang · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons

Por que sucede

O seu sistema vestibular informa do movemento; os seus ollos informan dun interior estático. O cerebro recibe dous relatos incompatibles da mesma situación e responde con náuseas. Ese único mecanismo explica case todos os consellos prácticos.

Tamén explica por que o condutor rara vez se sente mal: pode ver cara onde vai o coche e anticipar cada movemento, polo que os relatos concordan.

Tratamento farmacolóxico do mareo

Que ten evidencia

Opciones, por forza da evidencia
EnfoqueEvidenciaNota
AntihistamínicosRevisión de Cochrane [2]A sedación é o principal intercambio; dose por idade, pregunte a un farmacéutico
EscopolaminaMetaanalizada [1]Xeralmente para nenos maiores e adultos; forma de parche
Mirar ao horizonteMecanicamente sólidoAsento dianteiro onde sexa legalmente permitido e apropiado para a idade
Ar aire fresco, cabina frescaAmplamente recomendadoBaixo custo, baixa evidencia, baixo risco
Evitando pantallasMecanicamente sólidoAgrava directamente o conflito visual-vestibular
Bandas de acupresiónDébil e inconsistenteInofensivas; os efectos de expectativa son probables
XengibreMixtoAlgún apoio en outros contextos de náusea

Medidas prácticas

  1. Colócaos onde poidan ver cara adiante. A información visual e vestibular concorda mellor mirando cara adiante que de lado.
  2. Mantén a cabina fresca e ventilada. O calor e a falta de aire agravan a situación.
  3. Comida lixeira antes. Un estómago baleiro e unha comida pesada son peores que algo pequeno.
  4. Cambia a audio en estradas sinuosas. As autoestradas son moito máis tolerables para as pantallas que os pasos de montaña.
  5. Para no primeiro sinal. Unha vez que comeza o vómito, o resto do viaxe é moito máis difícil de recuperar.
  6. Leva o kit obvio. Bolsas, toallitas, un cambio de roupa, auga. A preparación reduce o estrés de todos.

Preguntas frecuentes

Cal é o tratamento máis eficaz?
Os antihistamínicos contan con apoio de nivel Cochrane [2]. A sedación é a contrapartida, e a dose debe consultarse cun farmacéutico.
Funcionan as pulseiras?
A evidencia é débil e inconsistente. Son inofensivas, e os efectos de expectativa poderían explicar o beneficio referido.
Deixarano de ter coa idade?
A maioría dos nenos si. A susceptibilidade adoita alcanzar o seu máximo na media infancia e despois diminúe.
É mala idea usar tabletas no coche?
Para un neno susceptible nunha estrada sinuosa, normalmente si. O audio consegue a mesma distracción sen o conflito visual.
Área de servizo con aparcamento de coches e un baixo edificio de servizos detrás
Lewis Clarke · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons

Lectura relacionada

A evidencia detrás desta páxina Un gráfico de barras apiladas que mostra a composición das 34 publicacións citadas nesta páxina por tipo de estudo. 131263meta-analysis (13)randomised trial (12)review (6)other (3)
34 publicacións, 1999–2025. Esa é unha mestura con ensaios e sínteses, desde a cal unha afirmación sobre a causa é razoable. Fonte: a lista de citas propia desta páxina, abaixo.

Referencias

Cada cita abaixo enlaza co rexistro orixinal revisado por pares en PubMed ou a través de DOI. Nada aquí substitúe o consello médico.

  1. Mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in children and adolescents with ADHD: A systematic review of controlled longitudinal cohort studies Dessain A, Parlatini V, Singh A, et al. · Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2024 · Systematic review DOIPubMed 38065419
  2. Scopolamine for patients with motion sickness: a systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis Zhang YX, Niu XY, Xiao ZY, et al. · Acta oto-laryngologica · 2024 · Meta-analysis DOIPubMed 39225593
  3. Physical Activity of Children and Adolescents in Croatia: A Global Matrix 4.0 Systematic Review of Its Prevalence and Associated Personal, Social, Environmental, and Policy Factors Pedišić Ž, Strika M, Matolić T, et al. · Journal of physical activity & health · 2023 · Systematic review DOIPubMed 37076241
  4. Antihistamines for motion sickness Karrim N, Byrne R, Magula N, et al. · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2022 · Systematic review DOIPubMed 36250781Full text
  5. [Update on PONV-What is new in prophylaxis and treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting? : Summary of recent consensus recommendations and Cochrane reviews on prophylaxis and treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting] Kienbaum P, Schaefer MS, Weibel S, et al. · Der Anaesthesist · 2022 · Meta-analysis DOIPubMed 34596699
  6. Association between digital smart device use and myopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis Foreman J, Salim AT, Praveen A, et al. · The Lancet. Digital health · 2021 · Meta-analysis DOIPubMed 34625399
  7. Systematic review of the relationships between sedentary behaviour and health indicators in the early years (0-4 years) Poitras VJ, Gray CE, Janssen X, et al. · BMC public health · 2017 · Systematic review DOIPubMed 29219092Full text
  8. Mal de debarquement syndrome: a systematic review Van Ombergen A, Van Rompaey V, Maes LK, et al. · Journal of neurology · 2016 · Systematic review DOIPubMed 26559820Full text
  9. Associations of children's independent mobility and active travel with physical activity, sedentary behaviour and weight status: a systematic review Schoeppe S, Duncan MJ, Badland H, et al. · Journal of science and medicine in sport · 2013 · Systematic review DOIPubMed 23219100
  10. Scopolamine (hyoscine) for preventing and treating motion sickness Spinks A, Wasiak J · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2011 · Meta-analysis DOIPubMed 21678338Full text
  11. Scopolamine (hyoscine) for preventing and treating motion sickness Spinks AB, Wasiak J, Villanueva EV, et al. · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2007 · Systematic review DOIPubMed 17636710
  12. Scopolamine for preventing and treating motion sickness Spinks AB, Wasiak J, Villanueva EV, et al. · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2004 · Systematic review DOIPubMed 15266468
  13. Statement on motion sickness Canada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada · 2003 · Clinical guideline PubMed 14655530
  14. A comparison of virtual reality and verbal imaginal exposure for childhood anxiety disorders Biggs BK, Whiteside SPH, Knutson M, et al. · Journal of anxiety disorders · 2025 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 39879857Full text
  15. Virtual reality application matches the most established treatment for Mal de Debarquement Syndrome: A non-inferiority, randomized, open clinical trial Schoenmaekers C, De Smet D, Deblieck C, et al. · Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2024 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 38942708Full text
  16. Double-blind randomized N-of-1 trial of transcranial alternating current stimulation for mal de débarquement syndrome Cha YH, Gleghorn D, Doudican BC · PloS one · 2022 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 35120184Full text
  17. Healthy Children, Strong Families 2: A randomized controlled trial of a healthy lifestyle intervention for American Indian families designed using community-based approaches Tomayko EJ, Prince RJ, Cronin KA, et al. · Clinical trials (London, England) · 2017 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 28064525Full text
  18. Randomized Single Blind Sham Controlled Trial of Adjunctive Home-Based tDCS after rTMS for Mal De Debarquement Syndrome: Safety, Efficacy, and Participant Satisfaction Assessment Cha YH, Urbano D, Pariseau N · Brain stimulation · 2016 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 27117283
  19. Double-Blind Sham-Controlled Crossover Trial of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Mal de Debarquement Syndrome Cha YH, Deblieck C, Wu AD · Otology & neurotology : official publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [and] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology · 2016 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 27176615Full text
  20. A comparison of cinnarizine and transdermal scopolamine for the prevention of seasickness in naval crew: a double-blind, randomized, crossover study Gil A, Nachum Z, Tal D, et al. · Clinical neuropharmacology · 2012 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 22139622
  21. Weight status, modes of travel to school and screen time: a cross-sectional survey of children aged 10-13 years in Sydney Wen LM, Merom D, Rissel C, et al. · Health promotion journal of Australia : official journal of Australian Association of Health Promotion Professionals · 2010 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 20406154
  22. The effect of propofol and fentanyl as compared with sevoflurane on postoperative vomiting in children after adenotonsillectomy Simurina T, Mikulandra S, Mraović B, et al. · Collegium antropologicum · 2006 · Randomised controlled trial PubMed 16848149
  23. Incidence of vomiting in susceptible children under regional analgesia with two different anaesthetic techniques Sarti A, Busoni P, Dell'Oste C, et al. · Paediatric anaesthesia · 2004 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 14996265
  24. Chlorpheniramine for motion sickness Buckey JC, Alvarenga D, Cole B, et al. · Journal of vestibular research : equilibrium & orientation · 2004 · Randomised controlled trial PubMed 15156097
  25. A comparison of cyclizine, ondansetron and placebo as prophylaxis against postoperative nausea and vomiting in children O'Brien CM, Titley G, Whitehurst P · Anaesthesia · 2003 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 12886917
  26. Dolasetron for the prevention of postoperative vomiting in children undergoing strabismus surgery Wagner D, Pandit U, Voepel-Lewis T, et al. · Paediatric anaesthesia · 2003 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 12846709
  27. Effect of timing of ondansetron administration on incidence of postoperative vomiting in paediatric strabismus surgery Madan R, Perumal T, Subramaniam K, et al. · Anaesthesia and intensive care · 2000 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 10701032
  28. Prophylactic therapy with combined granisetron and dexamethasone for the prevention of post-operative vomiting in children Fujii Y, Saitoh Y, Tanaka H, et al. · European journal of anaesthesiology · 1999 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 10434165
  29. Prevention of postoperative vomiting with granisetron in paediatric patients with and without a history of motion sickness Fujii Y, Saitoh Y, Tanaka H, et al. · Paediatric anaesthesia · 1999 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 10597557
  30. Primary headache disorders in adolescents in North- and South-Tyrol: Findings of the EVA-Tyrol-Study Kaltseis K, Frank F, Bernar B, et al. · Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache · 2022 · Clinical trial DOIPubMed 35331020Full text
  31. Chronic Dizziness Cha YH · Continuum (Minneapolis, Minn.) · 2021 · Review DOIPubMed 34351113
  32. [The Mal de Débarquement Syndrome] Mucci V, Sussetto M, Ranieri M, et al. · Revue medicale suisse · 2019 · Review PubMed 31580016
  33. Advice for travelers The Medical letter on drugs and therapeutics · 2019 · Review PubMed 31599872
  34. The Neurophysiology and Treatment of Motion Sickness Koch A, Cascorbi I, Westhofen M, et al. · Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2018 · Review DOIPubMed 30406755Full text
  35. Self-driving carsickness Diels C, Bos JE · Applied ergonomics · 2016 · Review DOIPubMed 26446454
  36. Travel Medical Kit Terry AC, Haulman NJ · The Medical clinics of North America · 2016 · Review DOIPubMed 26900112
  37. Interventions designed to reduce sedentary behaviours in young people: a review of reviews Biddle SJ, Petrolini I, Pearson N · British journal of sports medicine · 2014 · Review DOIPubMed 24347578
  38. [Seasickness] Petersen H · Laeknabladid · 2012 · Review DOIPubMed 23232725
  39. [Kinetoses] Schmäl F, Stoll W · HNO · 2000 · Review DOIPubMed 10872114
  40. Traveling with children Leggat PA, Speare R, Kedjarune U · Journal of travel medicine · 1998 · Review DOIPubMed 9882158

Esta páxina foi traducida automáticamente do inglés. As citas e os números non mudaron. Le o orixinal en inglés se algo soa raro. Ler o orixinal en inglés