Family Road Travel

Mareo

Mareos en nenos: que funciona

Os antihistamínicos teñen unha revisión de Cochrane detrás deles. A maioría do que se vende xunto a eles na estante non o ten.

Actualizada 2 min de lectura 36 citas Forza da evidencia 4/5

Veículos asegurados na cuberta de coches pechada dun ferry báltico
Clemens v. Vogelsang · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons

Por que sucede

O seu sistema vestibular informa do movemento; os seus ollos informan dun interior estático. O cerebro recibe dous relatos incompatibles da mesma situación e responde con náuseas. Ese único mecanismo explica case todos os consellos prácticos.

Tamén explica por que o condutor rara vez se sente mal: pode ver cara onde vai o coche e anticipar cada movemento, polo que os relatos concordan.

Tratamento farmacolóxico do mareo

Que ten evidencia

Opciones, por forza da evidencia
EnfoqueEvidenciaNota
AntihistamínicosRevisión de Cochrane [2]A sedación é o principal intercambio; dose por idade, pregunte a un farmacéutico
EscopolaminaMetaanalizada [1]Xeralmente para nenos maiores e adultos; forma de parche
Mirar ao horizonteMecanicamente sólidoAsento dianteiro onde sexa legalmente permitido e apropiado para a idade
Ar aire fresco, cabina frescaAmplamente recomendadoBaixo custo, baixa evidencia, baixo risco
Evitando pantallasMecanicamente sólidoAgrava directamente o conflito visual-vestibular
Bandas de acupresiónDébil e inconsistenteInofensivas; os efectos de expectativa son probables
XengibreMixtoAlgún apoio en outros contextos de náusea

Medidas prácticas

  1. Colócaos onde poidan ver cara adiante. A información visual e vestibular concorda mellor mirando cara adiante que de lado.
  2. Mantén a cabina fresca e ventilada. O calor e a falta de aire agravan a situación.
  3. Comida lixeira antes. Un estómago baleiro e unha comida pesada son peores que algo pequeno.
  4. Cambia a audio en estradas sinuosas. As autoestradas son moito máis tolerables para as pantallas que os pasos de montaña.
  5. Para no primeiro sinal. Unha vez que comeza o vómito, o resto do viaxe é moito máis difícil de recuperar.
  6. Leva o kit obvio. Bolsas, toallitas, un cambio de roupa, auga. A preparación reduce o estrés de todos.

Preguntas frecuentes

Cal é o tratamento máis eficaz?
Os antihistamínicos contan con apoio de nivel Cochrane [2]. A sedación é a contrapartida, e a dose debe consultarse cun farmacéutico.
Funcionan as pulseiras?
A evidencia é débil e inconsistente. Son inofensivas, e os efectos de expectativa poderían explicar o beneficio referido.
Deixarano de ter coa idade?
A maioría dos nenos si. A susceptibilidade adoita alcanzar o seu máximo na media infancia e despois diminúe.
É mala idea usar tabletas no coche?
Para un neno susceptible nunha estrada sinuosa, normalmente si. O audio consegue a mesma distracción sen o conflito visual.
Área de servizo con aparcamento de coches e un baixo edificio de servizos detrás
Lewis Clarke · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons

Lectura relacionada

A evidencia detrás desta páxina Un gráfico de barras apiladas que mostra a composición das 34 publicacións citadas nesta páxina por tipo de estudo. 131263meta-analysis (13)randomised trial (12)review (6)other (3)
34 publicacións, 1999–2025. Esa é unha mestura con ensaios e sínteses, desde a cal unha afirmación sobre a causa é razoable. Fonte: a lista de citas propia desta páxina, abaixo.

Referencias

Cada cita abaixo enlaza co rexistro orixinal revisado por pares en PubMed ou a través de DOI. Nada aquí substitúe o consello médico.

  1. Mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in children and adolescents with ADHD: A systematic review of controlled longitudinal cohort studies Dessain A, Parlatini V, Singh A, et al. · Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2024 · Systematic review DOIPubMed 38065419
  2. Scopolamine for patients with motion sickness: a systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis Zhang YX, Niu XY, Xiao ZY, et al. · Acta oto-laryngologica · 2024 · Meta-analysis DOIPubMed 39225593
  3. Physical Activity of Children and Adolescents in Croatia: A Global Matrix 4.0 Systematic Review of Its Prevalence and Associated Personal, Social, Environmental, and Policy Factors Pedišić Ž, Strika M, Matolić T, et al. · Journal of physical activity & health · 2023 · Systematic review DOIPubMed 37076241
  4. Antihistamines for motion sickness Karrim N, Byrne R, Magula N, et al. · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2022 · Systematic review DOIPubMed 36250781Full text
  5. [Update on PONV-What is new in prophylaxis and treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting? : Summary of recent consensus recommendations and Cochrane reviews on prophylaxis and treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting] Kienbaum P, Schaefer MS, Weibel S, et al. · Der Anaesthesist · 2022 · Meta-analysis DOIPubMed 34596699
  6. Association between digital smart device use and myopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis Foreman J, Salim AT, Praveen A, et al. · The Lancet. Digital health · 2021 · Meta-analysis DOIPubMed 34625399
  7. Systematic review of the relationships between sedentary behaviour and health indicators in the early years (0-4 years) Poitras VJ, Gray CE, Janssen X, et al. · BMC public health · 2017 · Systematic review DOIPubMed 29219092Full text
  8. Mal de debarquement syndrome: a systematic review Van Ombergen A, Van Rompaey V, Maes LK, et al. · Journal of neurology · 2016 · Systematic review DOIPubMed 26559820Full text
  9. Associations of children's independent mobility and active travel with physical activity, sedentary behaviour and weight status: a systematic review Schoeppe S, Duncan MJ, Badland H, et al. · Journal of science and medicine in sport · 2013 · Systematic review DOIPubMed 23219100
  10. Scopolamine (hyoscine) for preventing and treating motion sickness Spinks A, Wasiak J · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2011 · Meta-analysis DOIPubMed 21678338Full text
  11. Scopolamine (hyoscine) for preventing and treating motion sickness Spinks AB, Wasiak J, Villanueva EV, et al. · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2007 · Systematic review DOIPubMed 17636710
  12. Scopolamine for preventing and treating motion sickness Spinks AB, Wasiak J, Villanueva EV, et al. · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2004 · Systematic review DOIPubMed 15266468
  13. Statement on motion sickness Canada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada · 2003 · Clinical guideline PubMed 14655530
  14. A comparison of virtual reality and verbal imaginal exposure for childhood anxiety disorders Biggs BK, Whiteside SPH, Knutson M, et al. · Journal of anxiety disorders · 2025 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 39879857Full text
  15. Virtual reality application matches the most established treatment for Mal de Debarquement Syndrome: A non-inferiority, randomized, open clinical trial Schoenmaekers C, De Smet D, Deblieck C, et al. · Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2024 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 38942708Full text
  16. Double-blind randomized N-of-1 trial of transcranial alternating current stimulation for mal de débarquement syndrome Cha YH, Gleghorn D, Doudican BC · PloS one · 2022 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 35120184Full text
  17. Healthy Children, Strong Families 2: A randomized controlled trial of a healthy lifestyle intervention for American Indian families designed using community-based approaches Tomayko EJ, Prince RJ, Cronin KA, et al. · Clinical trials (London, England) · 2017 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 28064525Full text
  18. Double-Blind Sham-Controlled Crossover Trial of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Mal de Debarquement Syndrome Cha YH, Deblieck C, Wu AD · Otology & neurotology : official publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [and] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology · 2016 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 27176615Full text
  19. A comparison of cinnarizine and transdermal scopolamine for the prevention of seasickness in naval crew: a double-blind, randomized, crossover study Gil A, Nachum Z, Tal D, et al. · Clinical neuropharmacology · 2012 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 22139622
  20. Weight status, modes of travel to school and screen time: a cross-sectional survey of children aged 10-13 years in Sydney Wen LM, Merom D, Rissel C, et al. · Health promotion journal of Australia : official journal of Australian Association of Health Promotion Professionals · 2010 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 20406154
  21. Incidence of vomiting in susceptible children under regional analgesia with two different anaesthetic techniques Sarti A, Busoni P, Dell'Oste C, et al. · Paediatric anaesthesia · 2004 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 14996265
  22. Chlorpheniramine for motion sickness Buckey JC, Alvarenga D, Cole B, et al. · Journal of vestibular research : equilibrium & orientation · 2004 · Randomised controlled trial PubMed 15156097
  23. A comparison of cyclizine, ondansetron and placebo as prophylaxis against postoperative nausea and vomiting in children O'Brien CM, Titley G, Whitehurst P · Anaesthesia · 2003 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 12886917
  24. Effect of timing of ondansetron administration on incidence of postoperative vomiting in paediatric strabismus surgery Madan R, Perumal T, Subramaniam K, et al. · Anaesthesia and intensive care · 2000 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 10701032
  25. Prophylactic therapy with combined granisetron and dexamethasone for the prevention of post-operative vomiting in children Fujii Y, Saitoh Y, Tanaka H, et al. · European journal of anaesthesiology · 1999 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 10434165
  26. Prevention of postoperative vomiting with granisetron in paediatric patients with and without a history of motion sickness Fujii Y, Saitoh Y, Tanaka H, et al. · Paediatric anaesthesia · 1999 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 10597557
  27. Chronic Dizziness Cha YH · Continuum (Minneapolis, Minn.) · 2021 · Review DOIPubMed 34351113
  28. Advice for travelers The Medical letter on drugs and therapeutics · 2019 · Review PubMed 31599872
  29. The Neurophysiology and Treatment of Motion Sickness Koch A, Cascorbi I, Westhofen M, et al. · Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2018 · Review DOIPubMed 30406755Full text
  30. Self-driving carsickness Diels C, Bos JE · Applied ergonomics · 2016 · Review DOIPubMed 26446454
  31. Interventions designed to reduce sedentary behaviours in young people: a review of reviews Biddle SJ, Petrolini I, Pearson N · British journal of sports medicine · 2014 · Review DOIPubMed 24347578
  32. [Seasickness] Petersen H · Laeknabladid · 2012 · Review DOIPubMed 23232725
  33. [Kinetoses] Schmäl F, Stoll W · HNO · 2000 · Review DOIPubMed 10872114
  34. Bedtime Regularity and Sleep Sufficiency in Children With Tourette Syndrome Swisher VS, Liu S, Ricketts EJ · Pediatric neurology · 2024 · Journal article DOIPubMed 38945036
  35. Sleep duration in preschool children and impact of screen time Lan QY, Chan KC, Yu KN, et al. · Sleep medicine · 2020 · Journal article DOIPubMed 33091726
  36. Well-Child Visits for Infants and Young Children Turner K · American family physician · 2018 · Journal article PubMed 30215922

Esta páxina foi traducida automáticamente do inglés. As citas e os números non mudaron. Le o orixinal en inglés se algo soa raro. Ler o orixinal en inglés