Family Road Travel

Kvalme

Rejsesyge hos børn: hvad virker

Antihistaminer har en Cochrane-anmeldelse bag sig. Det meste af det, der sælges ved siden af dem på hylden, gør ikke.

Updated 2 min read 36 citations Evidence strength 4/5

Køretøjer sikret på det lukkede bildæk på en baltisk færge
Clemens v. Vogelsang · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons

Hvorfor det sker

Dit vestibulære system rapporterer bevægelse; dine øjne rapporterer en stationær inderside. Hjernen modtager to uforenelige beretninger om den samme situation og reagerer med kvalme. Den enkelt mekanisme forklarer næsten alle de praktiske råd.

Det forklarer også, hvorfor føreren sjældent føler sig syg: de kan se, hvor bilen er på vej hen, og forventer hver bevægelse, så beretningerne er enige.

Farmakologisk behandling af køresyge

Hvad har bevis

Muligheder, efter styrken af bevis
TilgangEvidensBemærk
AntihistaminerCochrane-anmeldelse [2]Sedation er den primære afvejning; dosering efter alder, spørg en apoteker
SkopolaminMeta-analyseret [1]Generelt for ældre børn og voksne; plasterform
At se mod horisontenMekanisk fornuftigtForsæde, hvor det er lovligt tilladt og alderssvarende
Frisk luft, kølig kabineBredt anbefaletLav pris, lav evidens, lav risiko
Undgå skærmeMekanisk fornuftigtForværrer direkte den visuelle-vestibulære konflikt
AkupressurbåndSvag og inkonsekventHarmløs; forventningseffekter er sandsynligvis årsagen til rapporteret fordel.
IngefærBlandetNogle støtte i andre kvalme-sammenhænge

Praktiske tiltag

  1. Sæt dem, hvor de kan se fremad. Visuel og vestibulær information er mere enige, når man ser fremad end sidelæns.
  2. Hold kabinen kølig og ventileret. Varme og tæthed gør det værre.
  3. Lette måltider på forhånd. En tom mave og et tungt måltid er begge værre end noget lille.
  4. Skift til lyd på snoede veje. Motorveje er langt mere tolerable for skærme end bjergpas.
  5. Stop ved første tegn. Når opkastning begynder, er resten af rejsen meget sværere at redde.
  6. Tag det åbenlyse udstyr med. Tasker, servietter, et skiftetøj, vand. Forberedelse reducerer alles stress.

Ofte stillede spørgsmål

Hvad er den mest effektive behandling?
Antihistaminer har evidens på Cochrane-niveau [2]. Sedation er kompromiset, og dosering bør tjekkes med en farmaceut.
Virker armbånd?
Evidensen er svag og inkonsistent. De er harmløse, og forventningseffekter kan plausibelt forklare den rapporterede gavn.
Vokser de fra det?
De fleste børn gør. Modtageligheden topper typisk i den tidlige skolealder og aftager derefter.
Er tablets i bilen en dårlig idé?
For et modtageligt barn på en snoet vej, som regel. Lyd opnår samme afledning uden den visuelle konflikt.
Serviceområde med parkerede biler og en lav servicebygning bagved
Lewis Clarke · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons
Beviset bag denne side En stablet søjlediagram, der viser sammensætningen af de 34 publikationer, der er citeret på denne side efter studiedtype. 131263meta-analysis (13)randomised trial (12)review (6)other (3)
34 publikationer, 1999–2025. Det er en blanding af både forsøg og synteser, hvilket er den position, hvorfra et krav om årsag er rimeligt. Kilde: denne sides egen citationsliste, nedenfor.

References

Every citation below links to the original peer-reviewed record on PubMed or via DOI. Nothing here is a substitute for medical advice.

  1. Mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in children and adolescents with ADHD: A systematic review of controlled longitudinal cohort studies Dessain A, Parlatini V, Singh A, et al. · Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2024 · Systematic review DOIPubMed 38065419
  2. Scopolamine for patients with motion sickness: a systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis Zhang YX, Niu XY, Xiao ZY, et al. · Acta oto-laryngologica · 2024 · Meta-analysis DOIPubMed 39225593
  3. Physical Activity of Children and Adolescents in Croatia: A Global Matrix 4.0 Systematic Review of Its Prevalence and Associated Personal, Social, Environmental, and Policy Factors Pedišić Ž, Strika M, Matolić T, et al. · Journal of physical activity & health · 2023 · Systematic review DOIPubMed 37076241
  4. Antihistamines for motion sickness Karrim N, Byrne R, Magula N, et al. · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2022 · Systematic review DOIPubMed 36250781Full text
  5. [Update on PONV-What is new in prophylaxis and treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting? : Summary of recent consensus recommendations and Cochrane reviews on prophylaxis and treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting] Kienbaum P, Schaefer MS, Weibel S, et al. · Der Anaesthesist · 2022 · Meta-analysis DOIPubMed 34596699
  6. Association between digital smart device use and myopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis Foreman J, Salim AT, Praveen A, et al. · The Lancet. Digital health · 2021 · Meta-analysis DOIPubMed 34625399
  7. Systematic review of the relationships between sedentary behaviour and health indicators in the early years (0-4 years) Poitras VJ, Gray CE, Janssen X, et al. · BMC public health · 2017 · Systematic review DOIPubMed 29219092Full text
  8. Mal de debarquement syndrome: a systematic review Van Ombergen A, Van Rompaey V, Maes LK, et al. · Journal of neurology · 2016 · Systematic review DOIPubMed 26559820Full text
  9. Associations of children's independent mobility and active travel with physical activity, sedentary behaviour and weight status: a systematic review Schoeppe S, Duncan MJ, Badland H, et al. · Journal of science and medicine in sport · 2013 · Systematic review DOIPubMed 23219100
  10. Scopolamine (hyoscine) for preventing and treating motion sickness Spinks A, Wasiak J · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2011 · Meta-analysis DOIPubMed 21678338Full text
  11. Scopolamine (hyoscine) for preventing and treating motion sickness Spinks AB, Wasiak J, Villanueva EV, et al. · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2007 · Systematic review DOIPubMed 17636710
  12. Scopolamine for preventing and treating motion sickness Spinks AB, Wasiak J, Villanueva EV, et al. · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2004 · Systematic review DOIPubMed 15266468
  13. Statement on motion sickness Canada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada · 2003 · Clinical guideline PubMed 14655530
  14. A comparison of virtual reality and verbal imaginal exposure for childhood anxiety disorders Biggs BK, Whiteside SPH, Knutson M, et al. · Journal of anxiety disorders · 2025 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 39879857Full text
  15. Virtual reality application matches the most established treatment for Mal de Debarquement Syndrome: A non-inferiority, randomized, open clinical trial Schoenmaekers C, De Smet D, Deblieck C, et al. · Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2024 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 38942708Full text
  16. Double-blind randomized N-of-1 trial of transcranial alternating current stimulation for mal de débarquement syndrome Cha YH, Gleghorn D, Doudican BC · PloS one · 2022 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 35120184Full text
  17. Healthy Children, Strong Families 2: A randomized controlled trial of a healthy lifestyle intervention for American Indian families designed using community-based approaches Tomayko EJ, Prince RJ, Cronin KA, et al. · Clinical trials (London, England) · 2017 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 28064525Full text
  18. Double-Blind Sham-Controlled Crossover Trial of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Mal de Debarquement Syndrome Cha YH, Deblieck C, Wu AD · Otology & neurotology : official publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [and] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology · 2016 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 27176615Full text
  19. A comparison of cinnarizine and transdermal scopolamine for the prevention of seasickness in naval crew: a double-blind, randomized, crossover study Gil A, Nachum Z, Tal D, et al. · Clinical neuropharmacology · 2012 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 22139622
  20. Weight status, modes of travel to school and screen time: a cross-sectional survey of children aged 10-13 years in Sydney Wen LM, Merom D, Rissel C, et al. · Health promotion journal of Australia : official journal of Australian Association of Health Promotion Professionals · 2010 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 20406154
  21. Incidence of vomiting in susceptible children under regional analgesia with two different anaesthetic techniques Sarti A, Busoni P, Dell'Oste C, et al. · Paediatric anaesthesia · 2004 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 14996265
  22. Chlorpheniramine for motion sickness Buckey JC, Alvarenga D, Cole B, et al. · Journal of vestibular research : equilibrium & orientation · 2004 · Randomised controlled trial PubMed 15156097
  23. A comparison of cyclizine, ondansetron and placebo as prophylaxis against postoperative nausea and vomiting in children O'Brien CM, Titley G, Whitehurst P · Anaesthesia · 2003 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 12886917
  24. Effect of timing of ondansetron administration on incidence of postoperative vomiting in paediatric strabismus surgery Madan R, Perumal T, Subramaniam K, et al. · Anaesthesia and intensive care · 2000 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 10701032
  25. Prophylactic therapy with combined granisetron and dexamethasone for the prevention of post-operative vomiting in children Fujii Y, Saitoh Y, Tanaka H, et al. · European journal of anaesthesiology · 1999 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 10434165
  26. Prevention of postoperative vomiting with granisetron in paediatric patients with and without a history of motion sickness Fujii Y, Saitoh Y, Tanaka H, et al. · Paediatric anaesthesia · 1999 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 10597557
  27. Chronic Dizziness Cha YH · Continuum (Minneapolis, Minn.) · 2021 · Review DOIPubMed 34351113
  28. Advice for travelers The Medical letter on drugs and therapeutics · 2019 · Review PubMed 31599872
  29. The Neurophysiology and Treatment of Motion Sickness Koch A, Cascorbi I, Westhofen M, et al. · Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2018 · Review DOIPubMed 30406755Full text
  30. Self-driving carsickness Diels C, Bos JE · Applied ergonomics · 2016 · Review DOIPubMed 26446454
  31. Interventions designed to reduce sedentary behaviours in young people: a review of reviews Biddle SJ, Petrolini I, Pearson N · British journal of sports medicine · 2014 · Review DOIPubMed 24347578
  32. [Seasickness] Petersen H · Laeknabladid · 2012 · Review DOIPubMed 23232725
  33. [Kinetoses] Schmäl F, Stoll W · HNO · 2000 · Review DOIPubMed 10872114
  34. Bedtime Regularity and Sleep Sufficiency in Children With Tourette Syndrome Swisher VS, Liu S, Ricketts EJ · Pediatric neurology · 2024 · Journal article DOIPubMed 38945036
  35. Sleep duration in preschool children and impact of screen time Lan QY, Chan KC, Yu KN, et al. · Sleep medicine · 2020 · Journal article DOIPubMed 33091726
  36. Well-Child Visits for Infants and Young Children Turner K · American family physician · 2018 · Journal article PubMed 30215922

This page was translated automatically from English. The citations and numbers are unchanged. Read the English original if anything reads oddly. Read the English original