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Cosc leanaí: conas a looks an bunús cruthúnas

18 foilsitheachtaí, 2 acu trialanna agus 10 sintéis. Déanann an leathanach seo cur síos ar chruth na litríochta sin seachas a comhoibriú a shíniú.

Updated 4 min read 27 citations

Páirc gcarraí seirbhíse le carranna páirceáilte agus foirgneamh seirbhíse íseal taobh thiar
Lewis Clarke · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons
Cad atá sa fianaise ar chonradh leanaí As 18 foilsitheachtaí ar an ábhar seo, tá an briseadh síos de réir cineál staidéir: 10 meta-anailís, 2 trial randamach, 2 athbhreithniú, 4 eile. 101034meta-analysis (10)randomised trial (10)review (3)other (4)
18 foilsitheachtaí, de réir cineál staidéir. Ní hé an toirt an neart — is féidir leis an gcuntas céanna a bheith ina cheist shocraithe nó ina phacáiste trácht, agus cén ceann atá ann braitheann sé beagnach go hiomlán ar an mbriseadh seo. Tógtha ó PubMed agus Crossref; cineál foilsitheachta mar a taifeadadh ag an fhoinse.

Cad atá sa litríocht seo

Tá an comhoibriú os cionn an litríochta phríomha anseo — athbhreithnithe agus anailísí méadaithe ag tarraingt ar líon measartha de staidéir bunúsacha. Déan cúram le conclúidí muiníneacha a chóireáil leis an gcúram a bhaineann le méid na sampla.

Is é an difríocht is tábhachtaí idir comhoibriú agus taighde príomha. Tógann anailís mhéadaithe trialanna agus is é an rud is gaire do fhreagra socraithe a tháirgeann réimse. Is léamh de ghrúpa amháin ar an ábhar céanna é athbhreithniú narraíochta agus d’fhéadfadh sé a bheith roghnach gan a bheith mímhacánta. Má tá siad á gcountáil le chéile, a dhéanann an chuid is mó de na comhoibriúcháin, cuireann sé in iúl go díreach an rud atá uait a fháil amach.

Cathain a foilsíodh litríocht conradh leanaí Blianta foilsithe na 18 páipéar ar an ábhar seo, grúpáilte i mbannaí ó shin roimh 2015 go dtí 2023 ar aghaidh. 2015-20198 papers2020-20227 papers2023 onwards6 papersBefore 20156 papers
Fónta fós. Is é an páipéar is déanaí anseo ó 2025, mar sin is réimse é ina bhféadfadh freagra a scríobhadh inniu nach gcoinneofar ar feadh i bhfad. Blianta foilsithe mar a taifeadadh ag PubMed agus Crossref.

Conas a tógadh an leathanach seo

Tá gach rud thuas á ríomh ó na comhoibriúcháin a bhailigh an suíomh seo ó PubMed agus Crossref, ní scríobhadh le láimh. Nuair a finds an bailiúchán seachtainiúil páipéar nua ar an ábhar seo, athraíonn na comhoibriúcháin seo agus athraíonn an cur síos leo. Sin é an pointe: tosaíonn éileamh scríofa le láimh ar an neart atá ag bunús fianaise ag decaying an lá a scríobhadh é.

Tógtar cineál foilsitheachta mar a taifeadann an fhoinse é. Níl sé sin foirfe — tá laistigh de na comhoibriúcháin ag brath ar a chéile, agus d’fhéadfadh páipéar a comhoiriúnaithe mar “athbhreithniú” a bheith ina cheann córais — mar sin déan cúram le na bannaí mar thuar. Tá siad cruinn go leor chun litríocht trial a dhícheangal ó litríocht trácht, atá an difríocht a bhfuil tábhacht aici.

Ceantar sos na mótarbhealaigh le feiceáil ó chnoc os cionn, le páirceáil agus plandáil
Photo: Andreas Praefcke · CC BY 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons

An obair is láidre ar an ábhar seo

Ordaithe de réir dearadh staidéir ar dtús, ansin nua. Tá an tacar iomlán liostaithe sna tagairtí thíos.

  1. Gortuithe ó chruinnithe gluaisteán pediatracha: Athbhreithniú córais don mheasúnú foréigneach — Giovannini E, Santelli S, Pelletti G et al., 2024, athbhreithniú córais
  2. Modhanna faireachais agus gníomhartha a cuireadh i bhfeidhm i bpobail na nIndiach Mheiriceánach agus na nDúiche Alasca chun úsáid gléas conradh leanaí agus criosanna suíocháin a mhéadú i ngluaisteáin: athbhreithniú córais — Virtue C, Goffe C, Shiang E et al., 2024, athbhreithniú córais
  3. Ag sábháil beatha trí gníomhartha riosca sábháilteachta bóthair: meastacháin domhanda agus náisiúnta00918-7) — Vecino-Ortiz AI, Nagarajan M, Elaraby S et al., 2022, athbhreithniú córais
  4. Athbhreithniú córais ar dhlíthe sábháilteachta paisinéirí leanaí agus a gcomhoibriú le húsáid córais conradh leanaí, gortuithe agus básanna — Sartin EB, Lombardi LR, Mirman JH, 2021, athbhreithniú córais
  5. Conas a chabhraíonn agus a chuireann bac ar úsáid conradh leanaí i ngluaisteáin: sintéis fianaise cáilíochtúil — Bhaumik S, Hunter K, Matzopoulos R et al., 2020, athbhreithniú córais
  6. Athbhreithniú córais ar gníomhartha córais conradh leanaí (2007-2018) — Glerum KM, Zonfrillo MR, Fleisher L et al., 2019, athbhreithniú córais
  7. Sábháilteacht Paisinéirí Leanaí — Durbin DR, Hoffman BD, 2018, treoir cliniciúil
  8. Athbhreithniú córais ar gníomhartha pobail chun sábháilteacht paisinéirí leanaí Aborigine a fheabhsú — Ishikawa T, Oudie E, Desapriya E et al., 2014, athbhreithniú córais
  9. Cláir bunaithe ar phobail chun conradh suíocháin a chur chun cinn i leanaí 0-16 bliana -- athbhreithniú córais — Turner C, McClure R, Nixon J et al., 2005, athbhreithniú córais
  10. Ag cosc ar gortuithe neamh-intinne leanaí--cad a oibríonn? Athbhreithniú litríochta — Dowswell T, Towner EM, Simpson G et al., 1996, athbhreithniú córais
Cé mhéad taighde atá ann ar chonradh leanaí?
Tá 18 foilsitheachtaí comhoiriúnaithe anseo, 2 acu trialanna agus 10 sintéis.
An bhfuil níos mó taighde ag brath ar chonclúid níos láidre?
Níl. Tá comhoibriú níos tábhachtaí ná toirmeasc — tacaíonn cúig trialacha randamacha le héileamh i bhfad níos fearr ná caoga trácht, agus ní dhéanann comhoibrithe aicmiú eatarthu.
Cé chomh reatha is atá sé seo?
Is é an páipéar is déanaí atá comhoiriúnaithe anseo ó 2025. Athnuachan seachtainiúil a dhéantar ar an sraith ó PubMed agus Crossref.
Cén fáth nach insíonn an leathanach seo dom an freagra?
Mar go gcuireann comhoiriúnú litríochta i gconclúid gá le léamh, agus is é an bealach a dhéanann sé sin go huathoibríoch an fáth a gcuirtear nonsense muiníneach i gcló. Deir an leathanach seo cé mhéad meáchan a d'fhéadfadh conclúid a iompar; déanann na h-alt ar an suíomh seo an léirmhíniú.

References

Every citation below links to the original peer-reviewed record on PubMed or via DOI. Nothing here is a substitute for medical advice.

  1. Pediatric motor vehicle crashes injuries: A systematic review for forensic evaluation Giovannini E, Santelli S, Pelletti G, et al. · International journal of legal medicine · 2024 · Systematic review DOIPubMed 38337078Full text
  2. Surveillance methods and interventions implemented in American Indian and Alaska Native communities to increase child restraint device and seat belt use in motor vehicles: a systematic review Virtue C, Goffe C, Shiang E, et al. · Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention · 2024 · Systematic review DOIPubMed 38302282Full text
  3. Saving lives through road safety risk factor interventions: global and national estimates Vecino-Ortiz AI, Nagarajan M, Elaraby S, et al. · Lancet (London, England) · 2022 · Systematic review DOIPubMed 35779550
  4. Systematic review of child passenger safety laws and their associations with child restraint system use, injuries and deaths Sartin EB, Lombardi LR, Mirman JH · Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention · 2021 · Systematic review DOIPubMed 34011513
  5. Facilitators and barriers to child restraint use in motor vehicles: a qualitative evidence synthesis Bhaumik S, Hunter K, Matzopoulos R, et al. · Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention · 2020 · Systematic review DOIPubMed 32447304
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  7. Child Passenger Safety Durbin DR, Hoffman BD · Pediatrics · 2018 · Clinical guideline DOIPubMed 30166368
  8. A systematic review of community interventions to improve Aboriginal child passenger safety Ishikawa T, Oudie E, Desapriya E, et al. · American journal of public health · 2014 · Systematic review DOIPubMed 24754652Full text
  9. Community-based programs to promote car seat restraints in children 0-16 years -- a systematic review Turner C, McClure R, Nixon J, et al. · Accident; analysis and prevention · 2005 · Systematic review DOIPubMed 15607278
  10. Preventing childhood unintentional injuries--what works? A literature review Dowswell T, Towner EM, Simpson G, et al. · Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention · 1996 · Systematic review DOIPubMed 9346079Full text
  11. A Prospective, Randomized Comparison of Functional Bracing and Spica Casting for Femoral Fractures Showed Equivalent Early Outcomes Andras LM, Sanders JS, Phan TN, et al. · The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume · 2025 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 40570075
  12. Randomised feasibility trial of a virtual intervention to address infant car seat misuse Kendi S, Taylor MF, Thomas B, et al. · Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention · 2023 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 36096654Full text
  13. Trust in expert versus lay comments in online articles about spanking and car seat safety Scott JK, Gershoff ET · Journal of family psychology : JFP : journal of the Division of Family Psychology of the American Psychological Association (Division 43) · 2021 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 32658516Full text
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  17. Teaching infant car seat installation via interactive visual presence: An experimental trial Schwebel DC, Johnston A, Rouse J · Traffic injury prevention · 2017 · Randomised controlled trial DOIPubMed 27576099
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